A형

2014학년도 편입학

계열학업능력고사 문제지

자연계

편입구분	지원 모집단위	수험번호	성명
일반편입 / 학사편입	학과(전공)

※수학:  1번 - 25번(각 문항 당 2점)

※영어: 26번 – 45번(각 문항 당 1.5점), 46번 - 55번(각 문항 당 2점)

[1번 – 25번: 각 문항 당 2점]

1. 다음 극한값 중 가장 큰 것은?

① [eqn: lim _{n -> INF } {` {ln`n ^{5}} over {n} `}]

② [eqn: lim _{n -> INF } {`n ^{{1} over {n}} `} `]

③ [eqn: lim _{n -> INF } {`left(`1+` {3} over {2n} right) ^{n}} `]

④ [eqn: lim _{n -> INF } {` {2 ^{n}} over {n!} `}]

⑤ [eqn: lim _{n -> INF } {` LEFT ( {n+1} over {n-1} RIGHT ) ^{n-1}} `]

2. 극한값 [eqn: lim _{x -> INF } {`(e ^{x} + 3 ^{x} )} ^{{1} over {x}}]은?

① [eqn: 1]

② [eqn: ln`3]

③ [eqn: e]

④ [eqn: 3]

⑤ [eqn: e +3]

3. 함수 [eqn: f(x)``=`x `e ^{x ^{2}} ``]의 역함수를 [eqn: g(x)]라 할 때, [eqn: lim _{x ` ->` 0} { {g(x) } over {x } }]의 값은?

① 0

② 1

③ 2

④ 3

⑤ 4

4. [eqn: f(x)= {(x+2) ^{3}} over {x ^{4} (x-1) ^{2}}]으로 정의된 함수 [eqn: f(x)]의 [eqn: x=2]에서 도함수 값은?

① -13

② -11

③  11

④  13

⑤  15

5.  다음 중 옳은 것만 모두 고른 것은?

(a) 함수 [eqn: f:[0,1]->[0,1]]가 연속이고 역함수를 가지면 역함수 [eqn: f ^{-1} :[0,1]->[0,1]]      도 연속이다.

(b) 미분가능한 두 함수 [eqn: f(x), " " g(x)]에 대하여, 극한값 [eqn: lim _{x->a} {f(x)} over {g(x)}]가 존재하면       [eqn: lim _{x -> a} {} {f(x)} over {g(x)} = lim _{x -> a} {} {f prime (x)} over {g prime (x)}]이다.

(c) 임의의 실수 [eqn: a,`b]에 대해 [eqn: |f(a)-f(b)|<|a-b| ^{{5} over {4}}]을 만족하는 함수 [eqn: f(x)]는      모든 점에서 미분가능하다.

(d) 구간 [eqn: [0,1]]에서 연속인 함수 [eqn: f(x)]는 구간 [eqn: [0,1]]에서 최댓값을 갖는다.

① (a), (b)

② (b), (c)

③ (a), (d)

④ (a), (b), (d)

⑤ (a), (c), (d)

6. [eqn: f(x)= int _{0} ^{x ^{2}} { int _{1} ^{x} {}} e ^{t ^{2}} `dt`dy]로 정의된 함수 [eqn: f(x)]에 대해 [eqn: f'(1)]의 값은?

① [eqn: 1]

② [eqn: {e}over{4}]

③ [eqn: {e}over{2}]

④  [eqn: e]

⑤  [eqn: 2e]

7. 곡선 [eqn: x ^{3} +xy-y ^{2} =1] 상의 점 [eqn: (1,1)]에서 이계도함수 [eqn: {d ^{2} y} over {dx ^{2}}]의 값은?

① -22

② -20

③ -18

④ -16

⑤ -14

8. [eqn: [x]]가 실수 [eqn: x]를 넘지 않는 최대 정수일 때, 정적분 [eqn: int _{0} ^{4} {(2x-[2x]+3)} `dx]는?

① 14

② 15

③ 16

④ 17

⑤ 18

9. 이상적분 [eqn: int_0^1 lnx`dx]의 값은?

① -[eqn: INF]

② -1

③  0

④  1

⑤  [eqn: infty]

10. [eqn: R]이 제 1사분면에서 두 원 [eqn: x^2 + y^2 = 4]와 [eqn: x^2 + y^2 = 25]으로 둘러싸인 영역일 때, 다음 적분값은?

[eqn: dint _{R} ^{} {`` sqrt {x ^{2} +y ^{2}}} dxdy]

① [eqn: {39} over {8} pi]

② [eqn: {39} over {6} pi]

③ [eqn: {39} over {4} pi]

④ [eqn: {39} over {2} pi]

⑤ [eqn: {39} pi]

11. 정적분 [eqn: int _{pi } ^{2 pi } {} int _{2y-2 pi } ^{2 pi } {{sin ^{2} x} over {x}} ~dxdy]는?

① [eqn: {pi}over{2}]

② [eqn: {pi}]

③ [eqn: {3pi}over{2}]

④ [eqn: 2pi]

⑤ [eqn: {5pi}over{2}]

12. 다음에서 급수 중 수렴하는 것을 모두 고르면?

(a) [eqn: sum _{n=1} ^{INF } `` {1} over {n root {3} of {n}}]	(b)  [eqn: sum _{n=2} ^{INF } `` {1} over {n`lnn}]

(c) [eqn: sum _{n=2} ^{INF } `(-1) ^{n} ``` {lnn} over {sqrt {n}}]	(d)  [eqn: sum _{n=0} ^{INF } `{(3n+1)^{4n}} over {(4n+1)^{3n}}]

① (a), (b)

② (a), (c)

③ (b), (c)

④ (a), (c), (d)

⑤ (b), (c), (d)

13. 타원 [eqn: {x ^{2}} over {4} + {y ^{2}} over {9} `=`1`]로 둘러싸인 영역을 [eqn: x]-축의 둘레로 회전시켜 만든 회전체의 부피는?

① [eqn: 8`pi]

② [eqn: 12` pi]

③ [eqn: 16` pi]

④ [eqn: 20` pi]

⑤ [eqn: 24` pi]

14. 세 점 [eqn: A(2,`1,``3)`,```B(3,``0,``2)`,``C`(1,``1,``2)`]를 꼭짓점으로 가지는 삼각형의 넓이는?

① [eqn: {3} over {2}]

② [eqn: 3]

③ [eqn: 6]

④ [eqn: {sqrt {6}} over {2} `]

⑤ [eqn: sqrt {6} `]

15. 두 벡터 [eqn: u`=(1,`2,``3)`,```v`=`(1,``2,``1)`]에 대하여 [eqn: u`] 위로의 [eqn: v`]의 벡터사영 [eqn: proj _{`u} `v`]를 구하면?

① [eqn: {4} over {3} (1,`2,``3)`]

② [eqn: {4} over {7} (1,`2,``3)`]

③ [eqn: {3} over {4} (1,`2,``3)`]

④ [eqn: {4} over {3} (1,`2,``1)`]

⑤ [eqn: {4} over {7} (1,`2,``1)`]

16. 점 [eqn: (1, 0)]에서 함수 [eqn: f(x, y)=x`sin`(xy)`]의 방향도함수의 최댓값은?

① [eqn: {1}over{2}]

② [eqn: {1}over{sqrt {2}}]

③ [eqn: 1]

④ [eqn: sqrt {2}]

⑤  [eqn: 2]

17. 함수 [eqn: f(x,y)=x ^{3} +y ^{3} -xy]가 극댓값 또는 극솟값을 가지는 점은?

① [eqn: (-1, -1 )]

② [eqn: (-{1}over{3}, -{1}over{3} )]

③ [eqn: (0, 0 )]

④ [eqn: ({1}over{3}, {1}over{3} )]

⑤ [eqn: (1, 1 )]

18. [eqn: x ^{2} +y ^{2} =1]일 때, [eqn: f(x,y)=xy]의 최댓값?

① [eqn: {1} over {2 }]

② [eqn: 1]

③ [eqn: {3} over {2 }]

④ [eqn: 2]

⑤ [eqn: {5} over {2 }]

19. [eqn: sum _{n=0} ^{INF } (-1) ^{n``} {n+1} over {5 ^{n}}] 의 값은?

① [eqn: { 5}over{36}]

② [eqn: {1}over{6}]

③ [eqn: {5}over{9}]

④ [eqn: { 25}over{36}]

⑤ [eqn: {5}over{6}]

20. 멱급수 [eqn: sum _{n=0} ^{INF } `(-1) ^{n} `` {(2x-3) ^{n}} over {2 ^{n} `(2n+1)} `]의 수렴구간은?

① [eqn: {1} over {2} `<x``< {5} over {2}]

② [eqn: {1} over {2} `<x``leq` {5} over {2}]

③ [eqn: 1`<x``<5]

④ [eqn: 1`leq`x``<5]

⑤ [eqn: 1` LEQ `x`leq`5]

21. [eqn: f(x)=cos`(x ^{2})]일 때, [eqn: f ^{(6)} (0)]의 값은?

① -[eqn: 8!]

② -1

③  0

④  1

⑤  [eqn: 8!]

22.  [eqn: lim _{x -> 0} {` {arctan`x`-`x`cos`x} over {x ^{3}} `}]의 값은?

① [eqn: 0]

② [eqn: {1} over {12}]

③ [eqn: {1} over {6}]

④ [eqn: {1} over {3}]

⑤ [eqn: 1over2]

23. 적분 [eqn: ` int _{0} ^{0.1} {`sin (x^2 )`} over{x} dx]를 오차의 한계가 [eqn: (0.1) ^{6} `]이 되도록 계산한 근사값은?

① [eqn: {(0.1) ^{3}} over {3}]

② [eqn: 0.1 - {(0.1) ^{3}} over {3} `]

③ [eqn: 0.1`-` {(0.1) ^{3}} over {3} ``+` {(0.1) ^{5}} over {5}]

④ [eqn: (0.1) ^{2}} over {2} `]

⑤ [eqn: (0.1) ^{2}}over {2} ``-` {(0.1) ^{4}} over {4} `]

24. [eqn: C]가 점  [eqn: (3, " "-1)]에서 점 [eqn: (3, " "1)]까지 포물선 [eqn: x = 4 -y^2]을 따라간 곡선일 때,  선적분 [eqn: int _{C} ^{} ````{y ^{3} dx-3x ^{2} dy}]은?

① [eqn: -85]

② [eqn: -84]

③ [eqn: -83]

④ [eqn: -82]

⑤ [eqn: -81]

25. 영역 [eqn: D]에서 정의된 함수 [eqn: z=f(x,y)]가 연속인 [eqn: {partial^2 z}over{partialx partial y}]와 [eqn: {partial^2 z}over{partialy partial x}]를 가진다. [eqn: x=`-u ^{2} +v], [eqn: y=`uv]일 때, [eqn: { partial^2 z}over{PARTIAL u^2 }]를 구하면?

① [eqn: 4u^2` { partial^2 z}over{PARTIAL x^2 } `+``v ^{2} ` { partial^2 z}over{PARTIAL y^2 } ``-4uv` { partial^2 z}over{PARTIAL x partial y } `-4` { partial z}over{PARTIAL x }]

② [eqn: 4u^2` { partial^2 z}over{PARTIAL x^2 } `+``v ^{2} ` { partial^2 z}over{PARTIAL y^2 } ``-2uv` { partial^2 z}over{PARTIAL x partial y } `-2` { partial z}over{PARTIAL x }]

③ [eqn: 4u^2` { partial^2 z}over{PARTIAL x^2 } `+``v ^{2} ` { partial^2 z}over{PARTIAL y^2 } ``-4uv` { partial^2 z}over{PARTIAL x partial y } `-2` { partial z}over{PARTIAL y }]

④ [eqn: 4u^2` { partial^2 z}over{PARTIAL x^2 } `+``v ^{2} ` { partial^2 z}over{PARTIAL y^2 } ``-2uv` { partial^2 z}over{PARTIAL x partial y } `-2` { partial z}over{PARTIAL y }]

⑤ [eqn: 4u^2` { partial^2 z}over{PARTIAL x^2 } `+``v ^{2} ` { partial^2 z}over{PARTIAL y^2 } ``-4uv` { partial^2 z}over{PARTIAL x partial y } `-2` { partial z}over{PARTIAL x }]

※ [26번 - 45번: 각 문항 당 1.5점]

[26-35] Choose the one most suitable to fill in the blank.

26. Another difference among the world’s seas and oceans is that the _______ varies in different climate zones. First of all, in warm climate zones, water evaporates rapidly; therefore, the concentration of salt is greater. Second, the surrounding land is dry and, consequently, does not contribute much fresh water to dilute the salty sea water. In cold climate zones, on the other hand, water evaporates slowly. Furthermore, the runoff created by melting snow adds a considerable amount of fresh water to dilute the saline sea water.

① mass    ② salinity    ③ depth    ④ temperature   ⑤ precipitation

27. Animal _______ illustrate the different expectations for males and females. Men are referred to as studs, bucks, and wolves, while women are referred to as kitten, bunny, beaver, bird, chick, and lamb.

① fables  ② metaphors  ③ designations  ④ superiorities  ⑤ pictures

28. There are essentially three main theories of humor, each of which has a number of variants: the superiority theory, the incongruity theory, and the relief theory. The superiority theory describes all humor as _______. In other words, people laugh at the misfortunes of others or themselves. Humor is, therefore, a form of ridicule that involves the process of judging or degrading something or someone thought to be inferior.

① derisive   ② inappropriate   ③ unconscious   ④ sorrowful   ⑤ jolly

29. Julie had always felt that she was missing out on a lot of fun because of her clumsiness on the dance floor. She had been putting off taking lessons, but she finally _______ and went to a professional dance studio for help. She was tired of feeling left out and acted decisively correct the situation.

① bit the dust	② hit the ceiling	③ shot the breeze

④ spilled the beans	⑤ took the bull by the horn

30. When it became known that a hurricane was due to hit the coast within twenty-four hours, the local authorities alerted the inhabitants and outlined a serious of precautionary measures for copying with the storm. Their goal was to avoid having people harmed by the devastating force of the winds and rain. The authorities rightly believed that _______.

① misery loves company

② forewarned is forearmed

③ nothing ventured, nothing gained

④ where there’s smoke, there’s fire

⑤ the first step is always the hardest

31. “_______.” This expression can be true in a very literal sense. The Luo people from Kenya often cook and eat the leaves of a plant called black nightshade. This plant serves as an effective treatment for many stomach problems. The Luo eat it regularly from childhood and do not suffer any negative effects from it. However, when one American researcher ate just a small amount, she felt quite ill afterwards. In fact, the plant contains a substance called solanine that can be poisonous.

① Curiosity killed the cat

② All that glitters is not gold

③ When in Rome do as the romans do

④ An apple a day keeps the doctor away

⑤ One man’s medicine is another man’s poison

32. Sociologists and psychologists have argued for centuries about how a person’s character is formed. The argument has long been known as “_______,” for the two main opposing theories. The first theory says that character is formed genetically before birth. According to this theory, innateness—through genetics—determines what a person will be like. The other theory says, on the contrary, that a person’s character is formed after birth. According to this theory, the most important factors are cultural and environmental.

① Nature versus Nurture	② Genetics versus Hereditism

③ Stimulus versus Response	④ Rationalism versus Empiricism

⑤ Competence versus Performance

33. The opening of Central Asia between 1991 and 2001 is beginning to _______. Tens of thousands of the region’s students have gone to study at the best universities abroad. In an act of enlightenment worthy of their predecessors a millennium ago, the governments of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan have paid for these young people to acquire the most modern knowledge and bring it back home. They return with a passion for reconnecting their region with the global world of ideas. Within the next decade, these young men and women will assume leadership roles in their societies and in the region as a whole. It is hard to imagine that they will consider the prevailing corruption to be normal, or accept Soviet-style controls over their ideas.

① industrialize many countries

② transform the region intellectually

③ corrupt young people in the region

④ cause conflicts with other countries

⑤ facilitate the investment from foreign countries

34. A 2-year-old may point to someone who shares his table or plays with him at school and exclaim, “That’s my friend!” The designation reflects the pleasure and comfort of emerging social routines. For  3- and 4-year-olds, friendship takes on a more intentional aspect. Preschoolers and kindergartners confer and withdraw the status of “friend” at will according to a number of criteria, including general compatibility, variable moods and the nature of the present activity. At this stage, comments such as “Will you be my friend?” “You’re not my friend!” or even “I hate you!” are not literal expressions of emotion but rather perceptions of the momentary prospects for play. Although children may experience disappointment and even anger at a refusal during playtime, _______.

① they will try to make another friend next time

② experience of those feelings is not harmful at all

③ they are reluctant to express such feelings to friends

④ such feelings generally reverse at the next positive encounter

⑤ older children usually conceal those feelings from their parents

35. Imagine you went to an Italian restaurant, and it had no tomatoes available. Would the restaurant have anything you could eat that would be Italian? Yet, just a few centuries ago, tomatoes were totally unknown outside Central and South America. The list certainly does not stop there. _______, Indian and Pakistani cooking are known to the rest of the world as very spicy, yet the spicy part comes mostly from different varieties of peppers, all of which come from the New World. _______, almost all the cuisines of the world would be far different and far poorer without the food stuffs that originated in the Americas.

① In other words —— Thus	② For example —— Indeed

③ As a result —— In sum	④ In fact —— On the contrary

⑤ However —— In the mean time

36. What is the passage mainly about?

As the Internet becomes more and more central to the search for information, students and scholars are demanding that more items in library collections be digitized and made available on the Web. Library directors also see this method of preservation as a perfect way to provide more service for less money. Many library directors are out of touch with the librarians who work for them. However, librarians caution that digital preservation is not without its faults. Many small libraries do not have the budgets to provide equipment and personnel needed to undertake such a project. More important, however, technologies are changing so quickly that files preserved today in one format will not be usable with future formats. If paper documents are scanned and discarded, our heritage will be lost forever somewhere down the road on the digital bandwagon.

① necessity of the Internet in the digital world

② some worries about digitizing library collections

③ new technologies of storing information for less money

④ effective ways of searching information on the Internet

⑤ importance of digitized libraries for the future of humans

37. What is the passage mainly about?

When the first Europeans came to the North American continent, they encountered the completely new cultures of the Native American peoples of North America. Native Americans, who had highly developed cultures in many respects, must have been as curious about the strange European manners and customs as the Europeans were curious about them. As always happens when two or more cultures come into contact, there was a cultural exchange. Native Americans adopted some of the Europeans’ ways, and the Europeans adopted some of their ways. As a result, Native Americans have made many valuable contributions to American culture, particularly in the areas of language, art, food, and government.

① The influence of Native Americans on American culture

② The early European settlers in the North American continent

③ European cultures shaped by contact with Native Americans

④ The curiosity of the Europeans about Native Americans

⑤ English adopted from various Native American languages

38. What is the most suitable title for the passage?

Imagine how people working on an important project. If the top priority of the project is to complete some specific assignment, you might put one person in charge and assign the two different tasks depending on their abilities. As long as the project is successfully completed, it doesn’t matter if one person does a better job or is more committed to the assignment. But what if the top priority of the project is to have the team members like and respect each other? Then putting one person in charge will likely invite feelings of jealousy. And if one person tries harder than the other, feelings of resentment will surely follow. A relationship is, of course, just such a project. Relationships crumble under the weight of imbalance. Neither person can be more important. Neither person can be more involved or committed. Neither person can make all the decisions. Neither person can make all the sacrifices. In the project that is a relationship, no one gets top billing because without two equals there is no relationship.

① A Relationship Requires Two Equals

② Ways to Complete an Important Project

③ Do You Respect Your Team Members?

④ Try Harder: It’s a Best Way to Succeed

⑤ Do You Know the Importance of Sacrifice?

39. Which word is NOT appropriate in the context?

Darwin was quite familiar with the concept of ①selective breeding. From his experience with livestock, he knew that over generations a breeder could eventually ②maintain the appearance of an animal or plant. For example, the common rock pigeon is a relatively plain-looking bird. Native to southern Europe and northern Africa, it is now ③common in parks and cities throughout the world. Humans first began keeping pigeons several thousand years ago. Breeders chose male and female birds with interesting ④variations of feathers, colors, neck, beak shape, or flying behaviors and allowed them to breed. Over several generations, these traits became more ⑤pronounced in their offspring until the features were well established in the birds. Thus, we now have different varieties of pigeons, such as the fan tail, archangel, and tumbler, each with its own distinct features.

40. What is the passage mainly about?

People—unlike any other species—have the ability to use language to create labels for things. Part of the power of labels is that they allow us to call discernibly different objects by the same name. For example, there are lots of things in the world that we call trees. As it turns out, many of the things we call trees are less related to each other than they are to other plants that we might call shrubs or flowers. What makes something a tree is that it is tall, has a woody stem, and provides shade. The two properties of being tall and providing shade are aspects of trees that relate them to people. So what really makes something a tree (as opposed to a bush or a shrub) is not some botanical property, but rather the relationship between those plants and humans. By using a label, we can group things together based on this relationship.

① human’s ability to label things

② importance of human relationship

③ the role of language in human life

④ relationship between humans and plants

⑤ effective ways to create labels for things

41. Which is the most appropriate tone of the passage?

Although the state of Oregon may have passed a law allowing the terminally ill to choose physician-assisted suicide, giving doctors permission to help their patients kill themselves is wrong and should not be legal. Some doctors claim that allowing patients to choose physician-assisted suicide grants dying people the power to make one final decision before their inevitable deaths. However, many of these patients are suffering from depression, a mental state that causes people to give up on life prematurely. When their depression subsides, they tend to feel very differently and often change their minds. And even when patients are not depressed, their wish to die is still a transitory one. In Oregon, 35 percent of those who receive a prescription for a legal drug dose don’t ever use it, proving that more than a third of patients do not really want to hasten their own deaths. If patients are allowed to choose assisted suicide, then doctors could potentially rob these people of the additional days, weeks, or months of life that they would have chosen had they been given the opportunity to reconsider their decisions.

① skeptical

② condemnatory

③ outraged

④ sympathetic

⑤ admiring

42. Which is the main idea of the passage?

Many young people find themselves in some sort of trouble at school during their teen years. Usually a talk and simple punishment from teachers or school administrators are enough to keep children from repeating their offenses. However, some youths are not affected by lectures or detention, and unfortunately they go on to more serious crimes such as vandalism or theft. In these cases, schools should hold parents responsible for their child’s behavior. If a father has to pay for the window his son smashed, he will take a more active role in controlling that son’s behavior. Discipline and control begin at home where parents are responsible for instilling values in their children.

① Schools have no control over students.

② Teachers and parents should communicate more.

③ Students do not respond to school-imposed punishment.

④ Punishment can prevent students from committing suicide.

⑤ Parents should be held accountable for how their kids act.

43. Which is true according to the passage?

The history of maps goes back thousands of years. In Babylonia, in approximately 2300 B.C., the oldest known map was drawn on a clay tablet. The map showed a man’s property located in a valley surrounded by tall mountains. Later, around 1300 B.C., the Egyptians drew maps that detailed the location of Ethiopian gold mines and that showed a route from the Nile Valley. The ancient Greeks were early mapmakers as well, although no maps remain for us to examine. It is estimated that in 300 B.C. they drew maps showing the earth to be round. The Romans drew the first road maps, a few of which have been preserved for study today. Dlaudius Ptolemy, an Egyptian scholar who lived around 150 A.D., drew one of the most famous ancient maps. He drew maps of the world as it was known at that time, including 26 regional maps of Europe, Africa, and Asia.

① The oldest Babylonian map was drawn on wood.

② The Romans’ road maps were not found today.

③ The ancient Greeks’ map showed that the earth is flat.

④ The Egyptians’ map showed the location of gold mines.

⑤ Ptolemy first drew maps of America.

44. Which is the best place for the sentence given in the box?

However, on closer inspection, there are clearly more differences than similarities between the two.

It is easy enough to confuse cheetahs with leopards. Even in Africa, where people are used to seeing these animals, they are often called by the same Swahili name, ngari. The confusion is understandable. On a superficial level, the two have much in common. ( ① ) Both have light tan fur and dark spots. ( ② ) Both have about the same body weight, approximately 110 to 130 pounds. ( ③ ) The cheetah has longer legs and a much smaller head. ( ④ ) An agile climber, the leopards climbs trees to hunt monkeys; the cheetah, one of the fastest animals on Earth, takes its prey on the ground, running it down at full speed.      ( ⑤ ) The leopard consumes a varied diet. Even when game is scarce, it can subsist on mice and fruits. The cheetah, by contrast, relies primarily on antelope for food.

45. Which is the best place for the sentence given in the box?

The brain case, for example, is fully covered in bone.

Questions about whether snakes ever walked on legs have long intrigued scientists. But without any fossil evidence, there seemed no possibility of an answer. ( ① ) That state of affairs changed dramatically, however, when what appear to be ancient fossils were discovered in an Israeli quarry. ( ② ) To everyone’s surprise, the fossil evidence indicates that some prehistoric snakes had hind legs, which could have been used for walking. ( ③ ) According to paleontologists Michael Caldwell and Michael Lee, the specimens found in Israel have hind legs along with characteristics that appear only in snakes. ( ④ ) In addition, the jaws are loosely connected, allowing for wide-mouthed flexibility—exactly the kind snakes need to swallow large prey. ( ⑤ ) Even the number and kind of vertebrae suggest that the fossils are those of ancient snakes. Finally, there may be just enough fossil evidence to prove that some snakes once walked on two legs.

※ [46번 - 55번: 각 문항 당 2점]

[46-47] Read the passage and answer the question.

“Free trade” is a part of globalization, and it sounds great in theory. If we removed all barriers to trade, such as import tariffs, all countries could compete on a level playing field. What could be fairer than that? In practice, it does not work out quite like that. Some countries are inevitably far more powerful than others, and they want things to stay that way. Even while promoting free trade, they use all kinds of methods to ensure that they can trade more freely than other countries.

According to advocates of globalization, free trade has brought greater wealth to people in poorer nations, giving them a foothold on the ladder of progress and prosperity. Wealth gradually “trickles down” from the richest to the poorest, making everyone’s lives better in the long run. The trouble is that very often it does not. Now there are many good examples of companies working respectfully with partners in developing countries, providing fair prices that help communities gain access to such vital things as education and basic health care. But there are many more corporations supporting a shadowy world of sweatshops, where working conditions are appalling and wages are too low to allow workers to meet even their basic daily needs, let alone enable them to climb out of poverty. If the “trickle-down” theory works, _______?

46. What is the most suitable title for the passage?

① Is Fair Trade As Good As It Seems?

② Significance of Fair Trade to Companies

③ Why Free Trade Often Means Unfair Trade

④ What Globalization Means in the Modern World

⑤ The Difference between Free Trade and Fair Trade

47. Which best fits in the blank?

① why do the governments promote free trade

② how can we stand the appalling working conditions

③ how can people from poorer countries make money

④ who can criticize companies providing fair prices

⑤ why are so many of the world’s people still in poverty

[48-49] Read the passage and answer the question.

The half of the world’s people who now live in cities experience the most ①artificial environment ever created by humans. Large areas of countryside have been destroyed by the ②spread of houses, factories, roads and shopping centers across what were once fields, open spaces and woodland. In the 1990s alone over 800,000 hectares of European land was built on—if this rate continued through the rest of the twenty-first century it would result in a doubling of the current ③rural area. Cities also depend on very high energy use in building and sustaining them and in moving millions of people to and from work every day. Cities have many ④benefits—they are usually centers of cultural activity and have a much wider range of facilities than rural areas. However, although in some working-class areas strong, but informal, systems of community support developed, in general the flood of people into cities ⑤destroyed existing social bonds and institutions without creating new ones capable of helping and sustaining the inhabitants. Cities, as the nineteenth-century American writer Henry David Thoreau wrote, tend to be places characterized by ‘_______’.

48. Which word is NOT appropriate in the context?

① artificial  ② spread  ③ rural  ④ benefits  ⑤ destroyed

49. Which best fits in the blank?

① citizens helping and sustaining each other

② abundant opportunities of cultural activities

③ new facilities with large open spaces

④ the destruction of houses and factories

⑤ millions of people being lonely together

[50-51] Read the passage and answer the question.

It wasn’t until the 1950s that scientists became interested in developing a language that would enable them to communicate with the great apes. Two American researchers suspected that the reason why the apes did not talk verbally was not lack of intelligence. Beatrice and Allan Gardner felt that difference between the vocal chords of human beings and apes made it difficult for the apes to pronounce words. The Gardners set out to experiment with chimpanzees because they are reputed to be easily trained. In 1966, they started to teach the standard American sign language, Ameslan, to an infant chimpanzee named Washoe. The Gardners installed Washoe in a trailer in their backyard. They spoke no English in the trailer, communicating solely by signing. In time, Washoe, through imitation and direct teaching of gestures, had developed a basic vocabulary that continued to enlarge. Scientists have accepted the challenge in this beginning and are continuing to develop language bonds with the great apes.

50. What is the most suitable title for the passage?

① Chimpanzees’ Intelligence and Emotion

② Scientists’ Challenge and Adversity

③ Ameslan and Its Application

④ Language Teaching Method

⑤ Can Chimpanzees Learn Human Language?

51. Which is NOT true according to the passage?

① The Gardners communicated with Washoe by using Ameslan.

② The Gardners, in 1966, began to teach Ameslan to a young chimpanzee named Washoe.

③ Washoe could learn a basic vocabulary by imitation and gestures.

④ The Gardners sensed that apes could easily pronounce words in terms of similarities between the vocal chords of human beings and them.

⑤ The Gardners made an experiment with chimpanzees because they were likely to be easily trained.

[52-53] Read the passage and answer the question.

When the men of Shangjiangxu township ①banished their wives and daughters to the upstairs rooms of their houses as early as the Tang Dynasty, little did they know that the woman would take the opportunity to create a whole new language, kept secret from the men, through which they could discuss their ②restricted situation, and celebrate the birth of a sisterhood. Crippled by their bound feet, and  ③open access to the wider community, women in a remote corner of Hunan’s Jiangyong county developed their own script, called nu shu. While nu shu had a spoken form, it closely mimicked local dialects, and was ④intelligible to the men. But in its written form, it evolved into its own ⑤independent language—an impenetrable alternative to hieroglyphic Chinese, embodying a spirit of freedom and equality.

52. Which word is NOT appropriate in the context?

① banished   ② restricted   ③ open   ④ intelligible   ⑤ independent

53. What is the most suitable title for the passage?

① Women’s Voice in Writing and Singing

② The Dying Language of a Minority Group

③ Nu Shu: A Script of Their Own

④ Nu Shu Speakers Remain in Local Provinces

⑤ Cultural Resistance to Patriarchal Values

[54-55] Read the passage and answer the question.

A hundred years ago, our economy was expanding. New industries were being developed throughout our country. The basis for this growth was our cities. Untold numbers of immigrants flooded into the job market to feed the needs of growing production lines. Today, the story is much different. Other countries have caught up with the United States in the race to manufacture goods. Our cities have deteriorated into pools of ever-increasing poverty and crime. Industries have deserted the cities for the hinterlands, where costs are lower. Computerization and mechanization of production lines have lessened the need for trained workers. The more affluent have moved out of the city into the suburbs, leaving too few with too little to pay the burden of the tax load.

54. Which of the following statements is mentioned in the passage?

① The educated group flocked to the cities a hundred years ago.

② Overproduction of manufactured goods have reduced the need for unskilled workers.

③ Some of the blame for the decay in our cities were placed on drugs and poverty.

④ The more well-to-do have deserted the cities for the suburbs.

⑤ Industries’ change of location is due to minimizing the burden of the tax load.

55. What is the passage mainly about?

① major symptoms of the depression

② effects of the massive immigration

③ causes and effects of the tax burden

④ factors of the deindustrialization of the city

⑤ consequences of the automatization of manufacture